Go Struct
Go Structures
A struct (short for structure) is used to create a collection of members of different data types, into a single variable.
While arrays are used to store multiple values of the same data type into a single variable, structs are used to store multiple values of different data types into a single variable.
A struct can be useful for grouping data together to create records.
Declare a Struct
To declare a structure in Go, use the type
and struct keywords:
Syntax
type struct_name struct {
member1
datatype;
member2 datatype;
member3
datatype;
...
}
Example
Here we declare a struct type Person
with the following members: name,
age, job and salary:
type Person struct {
name string
age int
job string
salary int
}
Tip: Notice that the struct members above have different
data types. name and
job is of type string, while age and
salary is of type int.
Access Struct Members
To access any member of a structure, use the dot operator (.) between the structure variable name and the structure member:
Example
package main
import ("fmt")
type Person struct {
name string
age int
job string
salary int
}
func main() {
var pers1 Person
var pers2 Person
// Pers1
specification
pers1.name = "Hege"
pers1.age = 45
pers1.job = "Teacher"
pers1.salary =
6000
// Pers2 specification
pers2.name = "Cecilie"
pers2.age = 24
pers2.job = "Marketing"
pers2.salary =
4500
// Access and print Pers1 info
fmt.Println("Name: ", pers1.name)
fmt.Println("Age: ", pers1.age)
fmt.Println("Job: ", pers1.job)
fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers1.salary)
//
Access and print Pers2 info
fmt.Println("Name: ", pers2.name)
fmt.Println("Age: ", pers2.age)
fmt.Println("Job: ", pers2.job)
fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers2.salary)
}
Result:
Name: Hege
Age: 45
Job: Teacher
Salary: 6000
Name: Cecilie
Age:
24
Job: Marketing
Salary: 4500Pass Struct as Function Arguments
You can also pass a structure as a function argument, like this:
Example
package main
import ("fmt")
type Person struct {
name string
age int
job string
salary int
}
func main() {
var pers1 Person
var pers2 Person
// Pers1
specification
pers1.name = "Hege"
pers1.age = 45
pers1.job = "Teacher"
pers1.salary =
6000
// Pers2 specification
pers2.name = "Cecilie"
pers2.age = 24
pers2.job = "Marketing"
pers2.salary =
4500
// Print Pers1 info by calling a function
printPerson(pers1)
// Print Pers2 info by calling a function
printPerson(pers2)
}
func printPerson(pers Person) {
fmt.Println("Name: ", pers.name)
fmt.Println("Age: ", pers.age)
fmt.Println("Job: ", pers.job)
fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers.salary)
}
Result:
Name: Hege
Age: 45
Job: Teacher
Salary: 6000
Name: Cecilie
Age:
24
Job: Marketing
Salary: 4500
